第八章 胜利者（第10/10页）

[1] Jakob Burckhardt, Reflections on Histor (London 1943), p.170.

[2] Erskine May, op. cit., I, p.25.

[3] Cited in Henry Nash Smith, Virgin Land (New York 1957 ed.), p.191. I am indebted to this valuable study of the agrarian-utopian strain in the United States as well as to Eric Foner, Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men (Oxford 1970).

[4] Herbert G. Gutman, ‘Social Status and Social Mobility in Nineteenth Century America: The Industrial City. Paterson, New Jersey’ (mimeo) (1964).

[5] Martin J. Primack, ‘Farm construction as a use of farm labor in the United States 1850-1910’, Journal of Economic History, xxv (1965), p.114 ff.

[6] Rodman Wilson Paul, Mining Frontiers of the Far West (New York 1963), pp.57-81.

[7] Joseph G. McCoy, Historic Sketches of the Cattle Trade of the West and South-west (Kansas City 1874; Glendale, California 1940). The author founded Abilene as a cattle centre and became its mayor in 1871.

[8] Charles Howard Shinn in Mining Camps, A Study in American Frontier Government ed. R. W. Paul (New York, Evanston and London 1965), chapter XXIV, pp.45-6.

[9] Hugh Davis Graham and Ted Gurr (eds.), The History of Violence in America (New York 1969), chapter 5, especially p.175.

[10] W. Miller (ed.), Men in Business (Cambridge [Mass.] 1952), p.202.

[11] I am obliged to Dr William Rubinstein for the data on which this guess is based.

[12] Herbert G. Gutman, ‘Work, Culture and Society in Industrializing America 1815-1919’, American Historical Review, 78, 3 (1973), p.569.

[13] John Whitney Hall, Das Japanische Kaiserreich (Frankfurt 1968), p.282.

[14] Nakagawa, Ke ii chiro and Henry Rosovsky, ‘The Case of the Dying Kimono’, Business History Review, XXXVII (1963), pp.59-80.

[15] V. G. Kiernan, The Lords of Human Kind (London 1972), p.188.

[16] Horace Capron, ‘Agriculture in Japan’ in Report of the Commissioner for Agriculture, 1873(Washington 1874), pp.364-74.

[17] Kiernan, op. cit., p.193.