第十三章 资产阶级世界（第11/11页）

[1] Citedin L. Trénard, ‘Un Industriel roubaisien du XIX siècle’, Revue du Nord, 50 (1968), p. 38.

[2] Martin Tupper, Proverbial Philosophy (1876).

[3] See Emanie Sachs, The Terrible Siren (New York 1928), especially pp.174-5.

[4] G. von Mayr, Statistik und Gesellschatslehre III Sozialstatistik, Erste Lieferung (Tülbingen 1909), pp. 43-5. For the unreliability of statistics on prostitution, ibid. (5. Lieferung), p. 988. For the strong relationship of prostitution and venereal infection, Gunilla Johansson, ‘Prostitution in Stockholm in the latter part of the 19th century’ (mimeo) (1974). For estimates of the prevalence and mortality from syphilis in France, see T. Zeldin, France 1848-1945 (Oxford 1974), 1, pp.304-6.

[5] The freedom of visiting American girls is noted in the relevant section of the chapter on foreigners in Paris inthe superb Paris Guide 1867 (2 vols).

[6] For Cuba, Verena Martinez Alier, ‘Elopement and seduction in 19th century Cuba’, Past and Present, 55 (May 1972); for the American South E. Genovese, Roll Jordan Roll (New York 1974), pp.413-30 and R. W. Fogel and Stanley Engermann, op. cit.

[7] From the ‘Maxims for Revolutionists’in Man and Superman: ‘A moderately honest man with a moderately faithful wife, moderate drinkers both, in a moderately healthy house: that is the true middle class unit’.

[8] Zunkel, op. cit., p.320.

[9] Zunkel, op. cit., p.526 n. 59.

[10] Tupper, op. cit.: ‘Of Home’, p.361.

[11] Tupper, loc. cit., p.362.

[12] John Ruskin, ‘Fors Clavigera’, in E.T.Cook and A. Wedderburn (eds.), Collected Works(London and New York 1903-12), vol. 27, letter 34.

[13] Tupper, op. cit.: ‘Of Marriage’, p.118.

[14] H. Bolitho (ed.), Further Letters of Queen Victoria (London 1938), p.49.

[15] ‘My opinion is that if a woman is obliged to work, at once (although she may be a Christian and well bred) she loses the peculiar position which the word lady conventionally designates’(Letter to the English woman’s Journal, VIII (1866), p.59).

[16] Trénard, op. cit., pp. 38 and 42.

[17] Tupper, op. cit.: ‘Of Joy’, p.133.

[18] J. Lambert-Dansette, ‘Le Patronat du Nord. Sa période triomphante’, in Bulletin de la Société d’histoire moderne et contemporaire , 14, Série 18 (1971), p.12.

[19] Charlotte Erickson, British Industrialists: Steel and Hosiery, 1850-1950 (Cambridge 1959).

[20] H. Kellenbenz, ‘Unternehmertum in Südwestdeutschland’, Tradition, 10, 4 (August 1965), pp. 183 ff.

[21] Nouvelle Biographie Générale (1861); article s: Koechlin, p. 954.

[22] C. Pucheu, ‘Les Grands notables de I’Agglomération Bordelaise du milieu du XIXe siècleà nos jours’, Revue d’histoire et sociale, 45 (1967), p.493.

[23] P. Guillaume, ‘La Fortune Bordelaise au milieu du XIX siècle’, Revue d’ histoire économique et sociale , 43 (1965), p p.331, 332, an d 351.

[24] E. Gruner, ‘Quelques reflexions sur l’élite politique dans la Confédération· Helvetique depuis 1848’, Revue d’ histoire économique et sociale, 44 (1966), pp.145 ff.

[25] B. Verhaegen, ‘Le groupe Libéral à la Chambre Beige (1847-1852)’, Revue Bei ge de Philologie et d’histoire, 47 (1969), 3-4, pp. 1176 ff.

[26] Lambert-Dansette, op. cit., p.9.

[27] Lambert-Dansette, op. cit., p.8; V. E. Chancellor (ed.), Master andArtisan in Victorian England (London 1969), p.7.

[28] Serge Hutin, Les Francs-Marons (Paris 1960), pp. 103 ff. and 114 ff.; P. Chevallier, Histoire de la Francmaçonnerie francaise, II (Paris 1974). For the Iberian world, the judgment: ‘The Freemasonry of that period was nothing but the universal conspiracy of the revolutionary middle class against feudal, monarchical and divine tyranny. It was the International of that class’, cited in Iris M. Zavala, Masones, Comuneros y Carbonarios (Madrid 1971), p.192.

[29] T. Mundt, Die neuen Bestrebungen zu einer wirtschaftlichen Reform der unteren Volksklassen (1855), cited in Zunkel, op. cit., p.327.

[30] Rolande Trempé, ‘Contribution à I’étude de la psychologie patronale: le comportement desadministrateurs de la Societé des Mines de Carmaux (1856-1914)’, Mouvemen t Social, 43 (1963), p. 66.

[31] John Ruskin, Modern Painters, cited in W. E. Houghton, The Victorian Frame of Mind (Newhaven 1957), p. 116. Samuel Smiles, Self Help (1859), chapter 11, pp.359-60.

[32] John Ruskin, ‘Traffic’,The Crown of Wild Olives, (1866) Works 18, p. 453.

[33] Trempé, op. cit., p. 73.

[34] W. L. Burn, The Age of Equipoise (London 1964), p. 244 n.

[35] H. Ashworth in 1953-4, cited in Burn, op. cit., p. 243.

[36] H. U. Wehler, Bismarck und der lmperialismus (Cologne-Berlin 1969), p. 431.