第二部分进一步阅读书目(第3/5页)
关于苏菲运动给伊斯兰教带来的重大变化,A.J.Arberry,Suffism:An Account of the Mystics of Islam(London,1950)和Reynold Alleyne Nicholson,Studies in Islamic Mysticism(Cambridge,1921)值得推荐。Edward G.Browne, A Literary History of Persia,4 vols.(London and Cambridge,1902~1924),是名副其实的经典;T.W.Arnold, Painting in Islam(Oxford,1928)和Richard Ettinghausen,Arab Painting(Geneva,1926)都是有价值的著作。
以下著作论述更专门的主题:George Fadlo Hourani,Arab Seafaring in the Indian Ocean in Ancient and Early Medieval Times(Princeton,1951);Andrew S.Ehrenkreutz,Saladin,(Albany,N.Y.,1927);W.Barthold,Turkestan Down to the Mongol Invasion,2nd ed.(London,1928);Paul Wittek,The Rise of the Ottoman Empire(London,1938);Halil Inalcik,The Ottoman Empire:The Classical Age,1300~1600(New York,1973);Franz Babinger,Mahmet the Conqueror and His Time(Princeton,1977);J.K.Birge,The Bektashi Order of Dervishes(Hartford,1937);和Marshall G.S.Hodgson,The Order of Assasins(The Hague,1955)。
中亚和草原地区。欧亚大陆草原地区通常被当作一个整体。Réné Grousset,The Empire of the Steppes(trans.New Brunswick,1970)是少数试图将东西方历史事件融为一体的著作之一。William M.Mcgovern,The Early Empire of Central Asia(Chapel Hill,1939)和Owen Lattimore,The Inner Asian Frontier of China(New York,1940),论述了欧亚草原的东部。W.W.Tarn,The Greeks in Bactria and India,2nd ed.(Cambridge,1951),A.K.Narain,The Indo-Greeks(Oxford,1957),论述了中亚历史上最动荡的一个时期。据我所知,没有类似的论述贵霜帝国的著作,也没有论述维吾尔时代传播到整个中亚的萨珊帝国外围的满意著作。Sir Aurel Stein,On Ancient Central Asia Tracks(London,1933)只记录了他的发现,但没有把他的记录编写成历史。
历史学家对欧亚草原西部的论述则要好得多。M.I.Rostovtseff,Iranians and Greeks in South Russia(Oxford,1922)和Tamara Talbot Rice,The Scythians(London,1957)在第一部分进一步阅读书目中已经提及。Mortimer Wheeler,Rome beyond the Imperial Frontiers(New York,1955);E.A.Thompson,A History of Attila and the Huns(Oxford,1948);Otto Maenchen-Helfen,The World of the Huns(Berkeley,1973);和D.M.Dunlop,The History of the Jewish Khazars(Princeton,1954)不仅非常完满地论述了欧亚草原历史上的每个重要阶段,并论述了它与欧洲的关系。R.A.Stein,Tibetan Civilization(trans.Stanford,1972),是对这个主题的标准论述。关于蒙古,以下两部著作尤为出色:H.Desmond Martin,The Rise of Chings Khan and His Conquest of North China,ed.Elianor Lattimore(Baltimore,1950);和Christopher Dawson,ed.,The Mongol Mission(London and New York,1955)。Michael Prawdin(pseud.For Michael Charol),The Mongol Empire:Its Rise and Legacy(London,1940),是一部可读性强但缺乏事实证明的著作。
印度和东南亚。A.L.Basham,The Wonder That Was India,rev.ed.(New York,1963),是对印度文明最好的简介。近年的概论是Stanley Wolpert,A New History of India(New York,1977)。K.A.Nilakanta Sastri,A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar, 3rded.(Madras,1966),和E.H.Warmington,Commerce between the Roman Empire and India(Cambridge,1928),为地中海与印度洋世界互动关系提供了有趣的数据。
关于印度思想和文学,标准的著作是:Surendranath Dasgupta,A History of Indian Philosophy,5 vols.(Cambridge,1932~1955);A.B.Keith,A History of Sanskrit Literature(London,1928);和A.B.Keith,The Sanskrit Drama in Its Origin,Development,Theory,and Practice(Oxford,1924)。印度艺术被下列著作很好地论述了:Heinrich Zimmer and Joseph Campbell,The Art of India Asia,2 vols.(New York,1955);Benjamin Rowland,The Art and Architecture of India(Penguin,1953);和Calambur Sivaramamurti,The Art of India(New York,1977)。在可以得到的印度文学译本中,V.R.R.Dikshitar,ed.and tr.,The Lay of the Anklet(Silappadikāram)(Oxford,1939);Johannes A.B.van Buitenen,Tales of Ancient India(Chicago,1959);Franklin Edgerton,ed.and tr.,The Bhagavad Gita,translated and interpreted(Harvard Oriental Series,Cambridge,Mass.,1944);和N.A.Nikam and Richard P.McKeon,eds.and trs.,The Edicts of Ashoka(Chicago,1958)都是特别有趣的。Johannes van Buitenen的重要翻译多卷本Mahabharata(Chicago,1973~)在第一部分进一步阅读书目说明中已经提及。两部杰出的著作对印度宗教提供了很好的介绍:Robert C.Zaehner,Hinduism(Oxford,1966)和Mircea Eliade,Yoga:Immorality and Freedom,2nd ed.rev.(Princeton,1969)。